Piperine

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[ Description ]
Piperine is a nitrogen-containing organic compound classified as an alkaloid, and it is the main bioactive component responsible for the characteristic pungent taste of black pepper and long pepper.

[ Source and Characteristics ]
[ source: ] Naturally occurring in the fruit of plants in the Piperaceae family, especially Piper nigrum (black pepper) and Piper longum (long pepper).
[ appearance: ] White to off-white or pale yellow crystalline powder
[ CAS: ] 94-62-2
[ Molecular Formula: ] C₁₇H₁₉NO₃

[ Main Components ]
Piperine is the main component. It has several geometric isomers, one of which is Chavicine, which is also sometimes present in pepper and contributes to its pungency.

[ Applications ]
Flavoring Agent: Used widely in the food industry to impart the spicy, pungent flavor of pepper.
Nutritional Supplement: Marketed as a supplement ingredient, often to enhance the bioavailability of other nutrients and compounds, such as curcumin.
Pesticide/Repellent: Used in granular formulations as a non-toxic pesticide and repellent against certain small animals.
Traditional Medicine: Employed in traditional medicine systems for its various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.