Allopurinol

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[ Introduction ]
Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used primarily to lower elevated blood uric acid levels. It is widely prescribed to prevent gout, uric acid kidney stones, and to manage hyperuricemia associated with chemotherapy. It works by blocking the breakdown of purines into uric acid.

[ Uses ]
- Preventing chronic gout and hyperuricemia - Preventing uric acid kidney stones - Reducing uric acid levels in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (tumor lysis syndrome)

[ Specifications ]
Appearance: White or off-white crystalline powder
CAS Number: 315-30-0
Molecular Formula: C₅H₄N₄O
pH Value: Not applicable for the solid form; aqueous solutions are weakly basic (pKa ≈ 10.2)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (~0.48 mg/mL at 25 °C; ~0.8 mg/mL at 37 °C), more soluble in strong acids or bases, very soluble in DMSO (~4.6 mg/mL)
Ingredient: Pure allopurinol compound (active pharmaceutical ingredient)
Storage: Store at 2–8 °C; shipping at room temperature is acceptable